YDT İngilizce Çıkmış Sorular Testi-6

1. - 8. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

1) ---- because it cannot be replaced once it is removed from the ground.

Petroleum is mineral oil that is found under the ground or sea

People use refined petroleum to make a great variety of products

Burning fuel made from petroleum releases many harmful gases into the air

Petroleum, of which the world has a limited supply, is called a non-renewable resource

Petroleum is formed from the remains of tiny plants and animals that lived millions of years ago

2) While most ancient societies were governed by kings, ----.

Pericles, a Greek politician, made Athens into an imperial power

the Athenians believed that their city was named after the goddess Athena

Athens was led to a war with Sparta, which the Athenians eventually lost

Greek city-states were run by assemblies of male citizens for centuries

the competitive Greeks saw constant warfare as a normal way of life

3) Although they are usually worn for practical reasons, so that the wearer can keep track of the time, ----.

watches are also a piece of jewellery expressing the wearer’s wealth, social status, and sense of style

pocket watches can be as large as three inches in diameter, thus, they do not interfere with the wearer’s movement

wristwatches have been the most common form of timepiece ever since they began to be produced with metal and leather straps

watches are available today in every price range, from a five-dollar plastic watch to a ten-thousand-dollar gold one

the idea of watches is quite ancient, dating back to the Romans who lived as early as 500 BCE

4) When long-tailed ducks venture beneath the waves in search of fish, ----.

their surviving numbers are estimated between 6.2 and 6.8 million

they are largely found in the oceans of the Northern Hemisphere

they are able to reach depths as great as 60 meters

fewer young are hatched as populations decline due to overhunting

their body length and weight differ according to what they feed on

5) ----, vitamin E is also of great importance in energy production, playing an essential role in cellular respiration of all muscles.

When it comes to foods processed with heat

Although excessive amounts are eliminated through bodily functions

Besides its primary function as an antioxidant

In spite of the damage it does to the nerves and red blood cells

Regardless of being one of the most essential vitamins

6) Early civilizations were well aware that plants were attacked by diseases; ----.

thus, Ireland suffered a devastating potato famine due to a fungus that caused late blight of potatoes in the 19th century

therefore, it was commonly believed that most of the plant diseases and the fungi arose spontaneously from decay

nevertheless, the ability to combat plant diseases through pest control made it possible to yield greatly

on the other side, during the Middle Ages in Europe, Shakespeare mentioned wheat mildew in one of his plays

however, it was not until the invention of the first microscope that people began to understand the real causes of these diseases

7) ----, some of the water they hold evaporates into the warm air.

Unless water droplets form clouds

Since clouds each have different variations

When the sun shines on ponds and lakes

As long as different types of precipitation fall from the sky

If patterns of weather depend on the nature of the local air mass

8) ----, there is nowhere in the universe where it will disappear altogether.

Since the Earth's gravitational field is constantly pulling the International Space Station

If gravity does not pull objects back to the Earth with excessive force

Although the effect of gravity will gradually decrease as we travel deeper into space

Even though there are space stations located some 400km above the Earth’s surface

Until astronauts experience 90 percent of the gravity to which we are subjected to on Earth

9. - 11. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

In 1911, the Mona Lisa painting in the Louvre Museum came to global stardom when she became the victim of one the most recognised art thefts in history. For two years the whereabouts of the painting by the great Italian artist Leonardo da Vinci remained a mystery. Then in November 1913, the thief named Vincenzo Peruggia contacted an art dealer in Italy and offered to bring him the painting for a reward of 500,000 lire. Peruggia had moved to Paris in 1908 and had worked at the Louvre for some time. Dressed in a white smock worn by Louvre employees, he had hidden inside the gallery until it closed for the night. He then removed the painting from its frame and strolled out with it hidden under his smock when the museum opened as usual the following morning. The theft was genius in its simplicity – Peruggia, in his work clothes, had attracted no notice and had been out of the area by the time the theft was realised. He was arrested, but unfortunately served only eight months in prison thanks to a psychiatrist who testified that he was ‘intellectually deficient’.

9) The underlined word ‘stardom’ in the passage is closest in meaning to ----.

change

fame

doubt

perception

10) Peruggia did not attract any attention as the thief of the Mona Lisa painting because ----.

no one had any information about where the painting was for two years after the great theft

he had already moved to Paris in 1908 and started to look for a job

he charged an art dealer 500,000 lire for the sale of the painting

authorities did not believe that he could be the thief because he was intellectually deficient

he was wearing his work clothes when he took the painting out of the museum

11) What is the author’s attitude towards Peruggia’s eight-month prison sentence?

Suspicious

Sarcastic

Supportive

Disapproving

Impartial

12. - 14. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Social media websites arrived in the middle of a dramatic increase in the quantity and intensity of human loneliness, a rise that initially made these websites’ promise of greater connection seem deeply attractive. A recent study found a complex relationship between loneliness and social networking. Social media users had slightly lower levels of social loneliness (the sense of not feeling bonded with friends), but significantly higher levels of family loneliness (the sense of not feeling bonded with the family). It may be that social networking encourages more contact with people outside of our household, at the expense of our family relationships or it may be that people who have unhappy family relationships in the first place seek companionship through other means, including social media websites. The fears that social media is distancing us from each other, making us lonelier; and that social networking might be spreading the very isolation it seemed designed to conquer highlight the anxieties that social media have produced. In fact, what social media has revealed about human nature is that a connection is not the same thing as a bond, and that instant and total connection is not a ticket to a happier, better world.

12) According to the passage, why did social media become so attractive?

It connected people from different backgrounds to improve their social experiences.

It enabled family members to strengthen their bonds with each other.

It spread happiness by giving people the opportunity to make new social contacts.

It offered greater connection at a time when people were feeling extremely lonely.

It gave self-confidence to introverts by encouraging them to contact new people.

13) According to the passage, social networking ----.

makes people spend most of their time on electronic devices

may lead to isolation among family members

prevents people from facing the challenges in their relationships

may cause people to develop a narrower view of the world

gives rise to mutual misunderstandings in relationships

14) What is the main purpose of the author?

To give examples of how social media damages close relationships

To highlight the basic human need for bonding with others

To explain why social media has attracted millions of users

To show that social networking does not necessarily result in happiness

To describe the ways one can make friends using social networking

15. - 17. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Around 1650 BCE, central Anatolia’s city-states were united by conquest into a kingdom with its capital at Hattusa. Vigorous rulers of this Hittite Old Kingdom campaigned into Syria and even sacked Babylon in 1595 BCE. However, the series of succession disputes that followed reduced their dominions. From the 14th century BCE on, strong Hittite kings regained previously lost territories, expanded into western Anatolia, and destroyed the Mitanni Empire in Syria, thus bringing them into direct territorial competition with the Egyptians. After the inconclusive Battle of Qadesh around 1274 BCE, Egypt accepted Hittite control over Syria. Widespread human and natural troubles in the eastern Mediterranean around 1200 BCE destroyed the Hittite Empire, but a number of small Neo-Hittite kingdoms sprang up in southern Anatolia and Syria, prospering until the Assyrians conquered them in 700 BCE. Barbarian raiders ever present to their north and a tradition of armed conflict made the Hittites invest heavily in defence. Massive and complex city fortifications included towers, huge stone gateways with difficult approaches, and long tunnels under the walls to secret exits. Often a citadel and inner defensive walls protected the palace and other key buildings.

15) The rivalry between the Hittites and Egyptians started as a result of ----.

the unification of Anatolian city-states against the Hittites

a number of succession disputes among the Hittites

the loss of some Hittite territories in western Anatolia

the destruction of the Mitanni Empire by the Hittites

poor administration by Hittite rulers

16) According to the passage, the Hittites ----.

did not believe that they would ever win the Battle of Qadesh

were able to take control of the Syrian region due to some troubles experienced by Egypt

had to spend a lot on defence to protect their lands against outside attacks

lost the Battle of Qadesh because of man-made and natural disasters

initiated another battle with the Assyrians as they failed to defeat the Egyptians

17) What is the passage mainly about?

Hittite expansion into western Anatolia

The governance structure of the Hittites

A brief history of the Hittites

The importance of the Battle of Qadesh

The competition between the Hittites and Egyptians

18. - 20. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Under the Roman Republic, brickmaking, particularly in the region of Rome itself, became a major industry, and finally, under the Empire, it became a state monopoly. Brick construction was cheaper than stone due to the economies of scale in mass production and the lower level of skill needed to put it in place. The brick arch was adopted to span openings in walls. Mortar had traditionally been composed of sand, lime, and water, but beginning in the 2nd century BCE, a new ingredient was introduced. The Romans called it pulvis puteoli after the town of Puteoli (modern Pozzuoli), near Naples, where it was first found. The material, formed in Mount Vesuvius and mined on its slopes, is now called pozzolana. When mixed with lime, pozzolana forms a natural cement that is much stronger and more weather-resistant than lime mortar alone, and that will harden even underwater. Pozzolanic mortars were so strong and cheap, and could be placed by labourers of such low skill, that the Romans began to substitute them for traditional mortars inside walls. The concrete made from pozzolana made it possible to create curved shapes and led to the creation of a series of remarkable interior spaces spanned by domes and columns.

18) Which of the following was one of the advantages of brick over stone?

It was more practical to use in construction than stone.

It was unique to Rome, which made brickmaking a state monopoly.

It created a new type of job, which revived the economy.

It was easier to use given that Rome did not have enough labour force.

It required a high level of skill, which improved construction.

19) Why were pozzolanic mortars preferred to traditional mortars inside walls?

They were more affordable and durable.

The raw material came from Mount Vesuvius.

The Romans wanted to build constructions underwater.

They were prepared by professional workers.

The weather in the region was ideal for that material.

20) Which of the following could be the best title for the passage?

Interior Design of Roman Buildings

The Expenses of Brickmaking

The Handicaps of Pozzolana

A Short Global History of Brickmaking

Construction Materials in Roman Architecture

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